Fundamental constraint limiting both agricultural and livestock production for traditional producers in Kordofan region of Western Sudan is an insufficient and at times inappropriate use of their resource base. Location wise, large parts of Kordofan lie in the arid and semi-arid zones and its northern parts border the Sahara Desert. Consequently, the region is subjected to the menace of droughts. Rainfall is characterized by high variability and recurrent droughts; the water balance is in deficit except only in August. The main impacts of droughts and desertification are reflected in the following: decline in soil fertility, low crop productivity, deterioration of rangeland and forest areas, decline in underground water and movement of sand dunes. This paper highlights the efforts of Land and Water Research Stations at El-Obeid Research Station in dealing with the problems of rainwater productivity, through measures, which are targeting a rational use of land and water and spreading them among farmers.
